Bixa orellana Annatto Seeds

About this species

Bixa orellana is an accepted species in the Bixaceae family. It is a shrub or tree native from Mexico through tropical America, growing mainly in seasonally dry tropical habitats. It is widely known as annatto or lipstick tree and is recognisable by its heart-shaped leaves, pinkish flowers and bristly seed capsules.

Also known as: Annatto, Achiote, Lipstick tree, Urucum, Roucou, Onoto, Bija, Atsuete, Sinduri and Kumkum tree.

Sowing guide

1. Soak intact seeds in room-temperature water before sowing; lightly abrade only seeds that remain hard and do not swell.
2. Sow in a clean, free-draining medium and cover with a shallow layer about equal to the seed thickness.
3. Water gently and keep the container warm in bright, indirect light.
4. Maintain even moisture and ventilation, avoiding both drying during early germination and standing water.

The seed coat can slow water uptake, so emergence may be irregular. Scarification should only breach the outer coat and must not cut into the embryo. Keep the labelled pot undisturbed and allow sufficient time before judging the sowing.

Seedling care

Give seedlings brighter light gradually and pot them on before roots become crowded. Use a stable container and a well-drained mix, watering thoroughly while allowing excess water to escape. Protect young plants from frost and prolonged cold.

Annatto becomes a woody shrub or small tree in a warm climate. Check local naturalisation guidance and provide suitable long-term space before planting outdoors. Seeds are supplied for botanical cultivation; this listing makes no food, colouring or medicinal-use claim.